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author = "FlintyLemming"
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title = "TrueNAS Core 使用 Jail 安装 qBittorrent"
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slug = "c238b4270ebf4e3eb668853182c2c173"
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date = "2023-04-04"
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description = ""
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categories = ["HomeLab"]
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tags = ["FreeBSD", "TrueNAS Core", "qBittorrent"]
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image = "https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/FreeBSD%20%E6%9B%B4%E6%8D%A2%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%8C%85%E6%BA%90/milad-fakurian-r1JDkQgwnC4-unsplash.jpg?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress"
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## 开头
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TrueNAS Core 由于使用 FreeBSD,zfs 的性能似乎比在 Linux 上好不少。不过也导致了没有 Docker 和 k3s 的问题,安装程序多有不便。
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虽然 Core 提供了一个商店,但是在安装时由于国内网络原因,我即便设置了系统的 http 代理安装也会失败。不过 FreeBSD 有个 Jail 的功能,倒是可以拿来安装 qBittorrent。Jail 我觉得倒不像 Docker,反倒像 lxc,下面的步骤中,需要先创建一个 Jail,然后像在空白系统里一样下载并启动 qBittorrent。
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## 步骤
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### 准备安装所需文件夹
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1. 创建一个存放 qBittorrent 配置文件的文件夹,和下载文件夹。比如我用 AppData 存放配置文件,Downloads 存放下载文件。
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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2. 记下两个文件夹的路径,TrueNAS Core 的路径是 /mnt/<Pool名>/<dataset名>/……。我的话,配置文件的路径是 /mnt/pool0/AppData/qbittorrent,下载路径是 /mnt/pool0/Downloads
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3. 配置 ACL,这里不需要给 Jail 额外配置什么权限,给你自己 smb 访问的账户配好权限就行
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### 创建和配置 Jail
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1. 创建 Jail,点击高级设置
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%201.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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2. Basic Properties 这里有几个地方修改一下:① 填写一个名称;② Release 选择一个最新版;③ 勾选 DHCP,此时下方的 VNET 和 Berkeley Packet Filter 会被自动勾选;④ 选择联网的网口
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%202.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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其他地方不用动,点击 Next
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3. Jail Properties 一个都不需要动,直接 Next
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%203.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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4. Network Properties 这里都不需要动,直接 Next
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%204.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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5. Custom Properties 这里都不需要动,直接 Save
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%205.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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6. 保存后,回到 Jails 管理画面,展开刚才创建的 Jail,启动它。然后点击 Shell 进入 Jail,这里需要先把 qBittorrent 的 config 和下载文件夹创建好
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%206.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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创建文件夹
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%207.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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7. 关闭 Shell,再把 Jail 也停止。停止后,点击 Mount Points
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%208.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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8. 新建文件夹映射,这里上面是 NAS 的文件目录,下面是 Jail 内的。这里映射的是配置文件夹的,下载文件夹同理
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%209.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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配置好后大概是这样
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%2010.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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### 安装并启动 qBittorrent
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1. 启动刚才的 Jail,并进入 Shell,更新软件包目录
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```bash
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pkg update && pkg upgrade
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```
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如果网络原因卡住或者报错,可以参考这篇文章修改软件源[FreeBSD 更换中科大软件包源](https://blog.mitsea.com/c877a212f3e347d8b414c2c3afe4e001/)
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2. 安装 qBittorrent
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```bash
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pkg install qbittorrent-nox
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```
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3. 配置服务
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```bash
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sysrc qbittorrent_enable=YES
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```
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4. 配置 qBittorrent 使用的配置文件夹
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```bash
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sysrc qbittorrent_conf_dir=/mnt/config
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```
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5. 设置读写权限,我这边偷懒了,下载文件也没啥重要的,就直接 777 了
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```bash
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chmod -R 777 /mnt/config
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chmod -R 777 /mnt/downloads
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```
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6. 启动 qBittorrent
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```bash
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service qbittorrent start
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```
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### 访问 qBittorrent
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前面说了,Jail 类似与 lxc,或者是虚拟机,所以他默认是桥接本机网络,Jail 获得了一个内网 IP。在管理页面可以看到
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%2011.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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我这边就是打开 [http://192.168.2.121:8080/](http://192.168.2.121:8080/) 即可
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![](https://img.mitsea.com/blog/posts/2023/04/TrueNAS%20Core%20%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20Jail%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%20qBittorrent/Untitled%2012.png?x-oss-process=style/ImageCompress)
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默认用户是 admin,默认密码是 adminadmin
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> Photo by [Marek Piwnicki](https://unsplash.com/@marekpiwnicki?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText)
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